วารสารวิชาการนิติศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยทักษิณ

time in the warm water. This hull fouling issue has reflected when BIMCO issued The Hull Fouling Clause for Time Charterparties. These cases, as detailed above, are part of the effect of the NYPE form amendment. The key main changes are additional clauses, comprising 57 clauses placed in the rational format. This is in order to suit the shipping business, and modernised to reflect the current situation and industry practice: while NYPE 1993 has 45 clauses, the NYPE 1946 had only 28 clauses. The grounds for this increase in NYPE clauses are the decrease in some rider clauses incorporated into the main body of the contract. 16 It aims to achieve the better balance between the shipowner and the charterer, with the addition of new procedures for slow steaming, hull fouling, piracy, grace periods, damages for withdrawal delivery and redelivery, solid bulk cargoes, electronic bills of lading, law and arbitration and others. 17 These changes will be duly illustrated, with each point explained in detail. The Major Revision of NYPE 2015 The NYPE 2015 was a considerable improvement, and is fundamentally different from the NYPE 1993 and NYPE 1946. NYPE 2015 differs from the previous version, detailing the description of the vessel in Appendix A, as well as resolving 16 The Charterers P&I Club, ‘NEW NYPE 2015 - A Charterer’s Perspective’ (The Charterers P&I Club, 15 December 2015) <http://exclusivelyforcharterers.com/docs/2015%2000 4%20New%20NYPE%202015.pdf> accessed 11 August 2016 17 ibid วารสารวิชาการนิติศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยทักษิณ ปีที่ 6 ฉบับที่ 8 กรกฎาคม 2560 - มิถุนายน 2561 121