วารสารวิชาการนิติศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยทักษิณ

several issues with clarification and its reflection in trade practices. The 2015 version, however, does not seem to shift the balance significantly, including changes which are good for either the shipowner or the charterer. Some clauses are also neutral. It is clear that there is a change in the grace period and withdrawal provisions for failing to pay hire on time. Some of the changes are to provide better language than to resolve its actual substance. In Clause 1, Duration/ Trip Description has been extended to combine the provision in relation to the 1993 version found in the separate clauses, such as Trading Limits in Clause 5, Berth in Clause 12, and Sublet in Clause 18 of NYPE 1993. 18 Below are highlighted some outstanding points of NYPE 2015 in detail. Trip and Period Charter The NYPE 2015 form is for the time charter-trip and also for the certain time period freight which are stipulated in Clause 1. The shipowner and the charterer can choose to specify that the charter is for a fixed period or the trip charter. The term period of the charter can distinguish between the trip and the period charter, and is the principal difference of any real substance. The charter period is over five months, which is supposed to the period charter. Therefore, it is the trip charter, where the charter period is not over five months, and the charterer can legitimately instruction the further voyage after the primary voyage is completed, where the further voyage is under the charter trading limits and 18  Paul Todd (n 6) 309 วารสารวิชาการนิติศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยทักษิณ ปีที่ 6 ฉบับที่ 8 กรกฎาคม 2560 - มิถุนายน 2561 122