วารสารวิชาการนิติศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยทักษิณ

10/00 , where the tribunal recognised that if the ship had been intentionally slow steaming in order to save fuel from consumption, then it would have been the breach of the due despatch duty. 52 Slow steaming function declines the due despatch duty, as might be expected, and slow steaming durations are excluded from the calculation of the speed and consumption warranty. 53 Before the issue of NYPE 2015, BIMCO had published Slow Steaming Clause for Time Charterparties in 2011, 54 which was intended to be applied with NYPE 93 at the time. The main difference of the slow steaming clause in NYPE 2015 is the appropriate framework to operate due to the cross-references in the other clauses such as Clause 8 and Clause 12. The NYPE 2015 allows the charterer to order the vessel to slow steam at reduced speed and/or RPM (Revolutions Per Minute). The charterer is obliged to include this clause in any subcontracts or contracts of affreightment issued pursuant to the charterparty. Any liability arising from such contracts for the failure of due despatch duty raises the shipowner to claim loss or damage from the charterer. Clause 38 provides the alternative to slow steaming or ultra-slow steaming. The latter also allows the reduction of the speed of the engine “below the cut-out point of the 52 Neil Henderson, ‘The Price of Slow Steaming’(Stone Chambers, 24 September 2012) <http://www.stonechambers.com/downloaddocuments/articles---the-price-of- slow-stea ming---neil-henderson.pdf> accessed 4 September 2016 53 Paul Todd (n 6) 313 54 BIMCO, ‘BIMCO Slow Steaming Clause for Time Charter Parties’ (2011), Special Circular No.7 วารสารวิชาการนิติศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยทักษิณ ปีที่ 6 ฉบับที่ 8 กรกฎาคม 2560 - มิถุนายน 2561 131