2011 International Conference on Alternative Energy in Developing Countries and Emerging Economies
- 305 -
Application of Renewable Energy in India
:
An
Energy Security Analysis
Mohd Tariq
1
Abdullah Javed
2
1
Founder Chairman IEEE Student Branch, Department of Electrical Engineering, A.M.U, Aligarh , India
1
Corresponding Author Email:
2
Department of Electrical Engineering, Z.H.C.E.T, A.M.U, Aligarh, India
Abstract:
India, with over a billion people, today
only produces 660 billion KWh of electricity and
over 600 million Indians, have no access to
electricity, and limited access to other clean, modern
fuels such as LPG and kerosene. This reduced
energy intensity of the economy, in the period since
2004, has been marked by an economic growth rate
of over 9% per annum, which has been achieved
with an energy growth of less than 4% per annum.
To effectively address the concerns of climate
change and to follow the path of sustainable
development, the global energy diet, which is fossil
fuels centric, must be changed. Efforts must be
made to harness the potential of alternative sources
of energy, such as hydropower, solar and wind and
progressively make transition to clean energy.
In this paper a systematic study has been done to
address the energy security by employing various
renewable energy available and it also includes the
prospects of different renewable energy. The study
also includes the Clean Development Mechanism
that has accelerated the diffusion of renewable
energy and energy efficient technologies by
mitigating some of the risk associated with the
adoption of new technologies.
Index Terms
— sustainable development, energy,
Clean Development Mechanism.
I
NTRODUCTION
The radiative energy from the sun that keeps our
planet warm exceeds by far the current primary energy
supply used by mankind for its comfort, leisure and
economic activities. It also exceeds vastly over other
energy sources at ground level such as geothermic or
tidal energy, nuclear power, fossil fuel energy, etc.
Indeed, the prospects of climate change and the fossil
fuel depletion, trigger a growing interest in renewable
energies. In general solar energy is used mostly. Solar
thermal energy is used today in many applications as
they have the advantage of being maintenance and
pollution free. The survey shows that 40% of the
world's energy consumption is used in building
operations (IEA 2007) .
Overwhelming scientific evidence has demonstrated
the earth moving towards a point of no return, where
ecological catastrophe brought about climate change
will be unavoidable. Climate change has the potential
to codetermine human development across many
countries, including India, and may even lead to
reversal of current development progress. Action taken
or indeed not taken, in the head will have a huge
impact on future course of human development. India
is confronted with the challenge of sustaining rapid
economic growth amidst the increasing global threat of
climate change.
Through out 21st century, India and other countries
in Southeast Asia are projected experience warming
above the global mean. India will also begin to
experience greater seasonal variation in temperature,
the more warming in the winter than summer. The
longevity of heat-waves across India has extended in
recent years, leading to the warmer temperature at
night and hotter days-this trend is set to continue.
These heat waves will lead to increased variability in
summer monsoon precipitation, with drastic effect on
the agricultural sector in India.
For addressing the impact of climate change a
combination of adaptive and preventive measures are
urgently required to combat climate change and ensure
sustainable development for future generations in
India. Failure to respond to this growing crisis at both
national and global level will result in certain
environmental catastrophe that will affect us all. We
have to focus more on preventive measures, reducing
the emission of greenhouse gases to sustainable level
without sacrificing economic growth.
Research indicates that demand for energy will
increase across India over the 21st century, potentially
to one fifth of world’s energy consumption by 2100
(Parikh et. al.2004). Presently India uses fossil fuels in
abundance to provide cheap and reliable source of
energy, especially to the rural poor. In fact 80% of
India's electricity generation comes from fossil fuels,
these are highly inefficient and this is the largest
contributors of greenhouse gases. The most effective
way to address climate change is to adopt sustainable
development path way by shifting to environmentally
sustainable technologies and promotion of energy
efficiency, renewable energy, forest conservation,
reforestation, water conservation etc.
