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community-based approach by scaling up micro-level
energy initiatives for energy services provision. There
is a need for concerted effort between the government,
private sector, civil society and community, together
with the key policy initiatives to scale up, replicate and
mainstream community-based RE projects. The
advantage of community-based approaches is that they
can result in having significant positive development
impacts at the macro-level by influencing national
policies and development priorities.
CONCLUSION
The current formulation of Clean Development
Mechanism(CDM) does not appear to be able to
deliver both goals of decreased emissions and
sustainable development but it is clear that a
mechanism to promote clean carbon-free energy for
developing countries is a good idea and that a modified
CDM could deliver both a reasonable quantity of cost-
effective emission reductions and increase the flow of
technologies and finance to some developing countries
during the second commitment period (2012–2016).
For the modified CDM to appreciate its full potential in
this regard, several key barriers will need to be
overcome, specifically increasing developing country
engagement and the ability of such countries to
effectively access the carbon market. In addition,
targeting the mechanism to small-scale renewable
energy supply to rural areas and increasing the overall
funding substantially. In particular, small-scale
renewable energy projects can help local communities
to access energy services and expand livelihood
opportunities, thereby collectively contributing to
poverty alleviation and increasing their resiliency to
climate change. For host countries, such initiatives will
also contribute to meeting national development
objectives and strengthening developing countries
long-term capacity to limit emissions. From an
international perspective, a CDM that delivers on its
dual objectives will contribute to meeting the priorities
of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) while
contributing to the reduction of global GHG emissions.
CDM need to be urgently exploited to deliver these
benefits.
It looks like there is still light at the end of tunnel for
reaping the sustainable development benefits from
CDM provided urgent action is taken to bridge the
existing gaps and make good the loopholes. There is a
need for immediate further research on strengthening
the inter linkages between energy, climate and
sustainable development in the context of CDM and to
develop a fair and efficient post 2012 framework to
tackle the global climate challenge.
The conclusion is that although a variety of RE
technologies are being successfully taken up on a
global scale, they can only contribute to development
in poor rural communities in the developing world if
the technology transfer can be appropriately funded
and managed. We will now look to the CDM as a
conduit for this transfer.
R
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