2011 International Conference on Alternative Energy in Developing Countries and Emerging Economies
- 184 -
TABLE IV
P
ALM OIL MILLS IN SOUTHERN THAILAND
Province
(Number of
factory)
District
Biomass
Residues
(tons/hr)
Biomass
Residues
(tons/year)
Krabi (10)
Ao Luk
32.89
98,670
Plai Phraya
14.26
42,780
Khao Phanom
26.45
79,350
Nuea Khlong
0.69
2,070
Total
74.29
222,870
Surat Thani
(11)
1.4743
4,422.9
Phunphin
20.7
62,100
Phrasaeng
37.95
113,850
Kanchanadit
11.0354
33,106.2
Tha Chang
11.5
34,500
Ban Na San
1.84
5,520
Total
84.4997
253,499.10
Chumphon (18)
16.882
50,646
Savi
11.04
33,120
Tha Soe
20.424
61,272
Thung Tako
4.6
13,800
Lang Suan
7.1024
21,307.2
Total
60.0484
180,145.2
Trang (5)
5.75
17,250
Sikao
28.06
84,180
Total
33.81
101,430
Songkhla (7)
Hat Yai
14.996
44,988
Total
14.996
44,988
Phangnga (3)
0.1725
517.5
Takua Thung
0.575
1,725
Total
517.6725
2,242.5
Satun (2)
La-ngu
5.75
17,250
Tha Phae
5.75
17,250
Total
11.50
34,500
III. Economic assessment of the possible BtL
production chain
In economic analysis for investment in slurry
production with capacity of 121,133.52 tons per year or
617,107.97 MWh/a (five fast pyrolysis plants) which is
using palm oil shell from the case study: a palm oil mills
in Sounthern Thailand based on the results of original
laboratory syntheses. It is assumed that, the twenty years
of project life, working time at 7000 hours per year,
personnel cost per year is 21.21 million THB, the interest
rate of 5.875%, electricity cost of 2.4649 THB/kWh or
37.196 million THB/year, the biomass cost including
transportation cost is 1,300 THB/ton or 227.5 million
THB/year, and maintenance cost per year is 4.23% of the
machines’ prices. The first investment is
189.69 million
THB including the recycle plant and machines. Humidity
containing is 15% wet of biomass and HHV biomass
input 103.59 MWh/h. Sale price of slurry is 21 THB/liter.
Amount of Electricity used for fast pyrolysis is 15,090.09
kWh/a/year and water consumption is 60,454.55 m
3
/year.
The approximated first investment and operating cost
of fast pyrolysis plant are shown in Table V and VI.
TABLE V
F
IRST INVESTMENT FOR SLURRY PRODUCTION OF
100
MW FAST
PYROLYSIS
Investment Item
Cost (THB)
Land and building
300,000,000
Biomass storage
25,196,878.02
Biomass pretreatment (mill & drying)
28,234,844.69
Heat carrier loop
85,313,825.62
Product isolation
27,705,200.95
Slurry mixing
16,124,539.61
Other
7,111,279.147
Total first investment
189,686,568.04
TABLE VI
O
PERATING COST FOR SLURRY PRODUCTION OF
100
MW FAST
PYROLYSIS
Operating cost
(THB/year)
Personnel cost
21,210,000
Biomass feed stock include transportation
227,500,000
Maintenance (4.23% sum of machine
cost)
92,868,958
Electricity
25,140,083
Cooling water
1,540,904
Taxes and assurance
87,917,647
Sum
456,177,592
A result from the analysis show that, payback period
of the production is approximately 2 years. The
composition of BtL production costs of fast pyrolysis is
shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. Cost estimation for a BtL production in Southern Thailand of
100 MW fast pyrolysis.
29%
14%
7% 7%
3%
34%
5%
1%
Capital Cost
Maintenance
Taxes
Assurance
Personell
Biomass feedstock
Electricity
Cooling water
