เอกสารการประชุมวิชาการและเสนอผลงานวิจัย มหาวิทยาลัยทักษิณ ครั้งที่ 19 2552 - page 130

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š´É ªÅž (conventional machining processes) Ánœ „µ¦„´— „µ¦„¨¹ Š ®¦º°„µ¦Á‹µ³ Ĝž{‹‹»´œ„¦³ªœ„µ¦ ¹Êœ¦¼ žª·›¸®œ¹ÉŠ
š¸É œ·¥¤ÄoĜ„µ¦ ¹Êœ¦¼žÃ¨®³Â¤n¡·¤¡r ‡º° „¦³ªœ„µ¦˜´——oª¥ª·›¸„µ¦‹n µ¥ž¦³‹»Å¢¢jµ (electric-discharge machining:
EDM) Ž¹ÉŠÁž}œ„¦³ªœ„µ¦˜´—š¸Éčo„´„µ¦˜´ —ª´ —»š¸ÉœÎ µÅ¢¢jµÅ—o¨³Áž}œª´ —»š¸É˜´—Å—o¥µ„ Ánœ 讳š¸É¤¸‡ªµ¤Â Ȋ¼Š
[1-4] ÁœºÉ°Š‹µ„„¦³ªœ„µ¦˜´—ÁœºÊ °ª´ —»—oª¥ª·›¸ EDM ‹³Á„·— ¹Ê œÃ—¥„µ¦‹nµ¥ž¦³‹»Å¢¢jµ‹µ„°· Á¨È„Ú¦—Åž¥´Š·ÊœŠµœ
Ÿnµœ °ŠÁ®¨ªÅ—°·Á¨È„š¦·„ (di-electric fluid) Ĝ –³š¸É¤¸ £µ¡Áž} œÅ°°°œ ¡ºÊœš¸ÉÁ¨È„Çš¸ÉÁ„·—„µ¦ž¨—ž¨n °¥ž¦³‹»
Å¢¢j µ‹³Á„·—‡ªµ¤¦o°œš¸É ¼Š¤µ„‹œ„¦³š´ÉŠÁ„·—„µ¦®¨°¤¨³¨µ¥®¦º°„µ¦„¨µ¥Áž}œÅ° °Šª´ —»·ÊœŠµœÂ¨³™¼„¡´—¡µ
°°„Ş×¥ °ŠÁ®¨ªÅ—°·Á¨È „š¦·„ ÁœºÉ°Š‹µ„„µ¦˜´ —ÁœºÊ°ª´ —»Á„·— ¹Êœ‹µ„‡ªµ¤¦o°œšÎµÄ®o Á„·—„µ¦®¨°¤¨³¨µ¥®¦º°
„¨µ¥Áž} œÅ° —´Šœ´Êœ‡ªµ¤Â Ȋ °Šª´ —»·ÊœŠµœ‹³Å¤n¤¸Ÿ¨˜n°„¦³ªœ„µ¦˜´——oª¥ª·›¸ œ¸Ê ×¥š´ÉªÅžÂ¨oªÄœ„µ¦˜´—·ÊœŠµœ
—oª¥ª·›¸ EDM ‹³¤¸¨´„¬–³ÁŒ¡µ³ °Š„µ¦˜´ — (machining characteristics) š¸É ¤¸Ÿ¨˜n°˜o œš»œÄœ„µ¦Ÿ¨·˜Â¨³‡» –£µ¡
°Š·ÊœŠµœš¸É ŗo ‡º° °´˜¦µ„µ¦˜´ —ÁœºÊ°·ÊœŠµœ (material removal rate) ¨³‡ªµ¤®¥µŸ· ª °Š·ÊœŠµœ (surface
roughness) [5-8]
ÁœºÉ°Š‹µ„„µ¦˜´——o ª¥ª·›¸ EDM Áž}œ„¦³ªœ„µ¦š¸É¤¸‡ªµ¤Ž´Žo °œ¼Š¤µ„ šÎµÄ®o¥µ„˜n°„µ¦Á¨º°„ÁŠºÉ°œÅ „µ¦
˜´— (cutting conditions) ®¦º°˜´ªÂž¦„µ¦˜´— (cutting parameters) š¸ÉÁ®¤µ³¤„´ª´ —»Â˜n¨³œ·— Ĝ„µ¦˜´—ª´ —»—oª¥
ª·›¸ EDM Ÿ¼o ž’·´ ˜·Šµœ¤´„šÎµ„µ¦Á¨º°„ÁŠºÉ°œÅ „µ¦˜´—‹µ„‡¼n ¤º° °ŠŸ¼oŸ¨·˜Á‡¦ºÉ°Š‹´„¦š¸Éŗoœ³œÎµÅªo×¥‡¦nµªÇ ®¦º°
Á¨º°„ץčož¦³„µ¦–r °ŠŸ¼ož’·´ ˜·Šµœ ÁœºÉ°Š‹µ„„µ¦Á¨º°„ÁŠºÉ°œÅ „µ¦˜´—š¸ÉÁ®¤µ³¤„´ „µ¦˜´—ª´ —»Â˜n¨³œ·—
Áž}œ ´Êœ˜°œš¸É šÎµÅ—o ¥µ„ ª·›¸ „µ¦®µ‡nµš¸ÉÁ®¤µ³¤ (optimization techniques) ˜nµŠÇ‹¹ ŠÅ—o™¼„œÎµ¤µÄoĜ„µ¦Á¨º °„
ÁŠºÉ °œÅ „µ¦˜´—š¸ÉÁ®¤µ³¤Á¡ºÉ°Ä®oŗo¨´„¬–³ÁŒ¡µ³ °Š„µ¦˜´—˜µ¤š¸É ˜o°Š„µ¦ ª· ›¸„µ¦Á®¨nµœ´ÊœÅ—o „n ª·›¸ „µ¦šµ„¼·
(Taguchi method) ª·›¸ „µ¦¡ºÊœŸ·ªŸ¨˜°œ°Š (response surface methodology) Á‹œÁœ˜· „°´¨„°¦·š¹ ¤ (genetic
algorithms) ¢{ ŽŽ¸É¨°‹·„ (fuzzy logic) ¨³ª·›¸„µ¦š¸ÉÁ„·— ¹Êœ‹µ„„µ¦Ÿ¤„´œ¦³®ªnµŠª·›¸„µ¦Á®¨nµœ¸Ê [9-14]
š‡ªµ¤œ¸ÊœÎ µÁœ°ª·›¸ „µ¦ž¦´ž¦»Š„µ¦˜´—Á®¨È „„¨oµÁ‡¦ºÉ°Š¤º° DC 53 —oª¥ª·›¸ EDM °·Á¨È„Ú¦—®¤»œ
ץčo ª·›¸„µ¦ª· Á‡¦µ³®r‡ªµ¤´¤¡´œ›rÁ„¦¥r (grey relational analysis) Á¡ºÉ°®µÁŠºÉ°œÅ „µ¦˜´—š¸ÉÁ®¤µ³¤ 宦´
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Á®¨È „„¨oµÁ‡¦ºÉ°Š¤º°œ·—œ¸Ê ‡º° 1.00 wt% C, 1.00 wt% Si, 0.40 wt% Mn, 0.017 wt% P, 0.002 wt% S, 8.00 wt% Cr,