1372
GAE (Gallic Acid Equivalent) of total polyphenol/100 g raw rice (Songchitsomboon et al, unpublished
data). Hence, we aimed to examine the effects of consuming Sangyod Phattalong brown rice instead of
the white rice for a period of 24 weeks in people with type 2 diabetes on serum Oxygen Radical
Absorbance Capacity (ORAC), high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and lipid profiles.
Materials and Methods
Subjects
Seventy eight patients with type 2 diabetes both males and females, aged 20-75 years were
recruited from Ramathibodi hospital, Bangkok and Lamsamkaeo Municipality, Pathumtani provinces.
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pregnant nor lactating; 4) not smoking and drinking alcohol; 5) previously diagnosed as type 2 diabetes
mellitus with no change in treatment with oral antidiabetic agents in the last 3 months; 6) not eating a
special diet (e.g. vegetarian); 7) not using vitamin or mineral supplement; 8) not planning to change
dietary habits and physical activity; and 9) Able to write detailed 3-day food record. There were
exclusion criteria as follows: 1) using insulin therapy; 2) using hormonal supplement in the last 3
months; and 3) previously diagnosed as renal dysfunction, hepatic disease, cancer, cardiovascular
disease or anemia. Ethical approval of the study was obtained from the Committee on Human Rights
Related to Researches Involving Human Subjects, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol
University. All subjects gave written informed consent before participation.
Study design
The 24-week, randomized, controlled, parallel-group trial was consisted of four data collection
points: at baseline, and 3 subsequent follow-up visits every 8 weeks with 4-week run-in period.
Seventy-eight subjects were recruited and divided into two groups as Sangyod brown rice group (SYBR
= 39) and white rice group as control (WR = 39). From run-in period throughout the study, the all
subjects were instructed on weight-maintaining diabetes exchange diet. They were asked to not change
their physical activity pattern. After run-in period, subjects in SYBR group consumed Sangyod brown
rice provided by researchers at least two meals per day while subjects in control group consumed
white rice as previously eaten. Sangyod Phattalong brown rice was purchased from Phatthalong
province and vacuum-packed at Pathum Thani Rice Research Center. Its phytonutrients were
determined at Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University and shown in Table 1.
