1381
waist and hip circumference were also measured at each visit by the same researcher. Body mass
index was calculated by the following equation: weight (kg)/height (m
2
). Dietary assessment was
calculated from 3-days food record (2 weekdays and 1 weekend). Nutrient calculations were
performed by using the INMUCAL-nutrients program database version 3.0, developed by the Institute of
Nutrition, Mahidol University. Compliance was evaluated from their daily rice intake records.
Statistical analysis
IBM SPSS Statistics version 20 was used for statistical analysis. All data were demonstrated as
mean + SD. The repeated measures analysis of variance (repeated ANOVA) and One-Way ANOVA (two-
tailed) with Bonferroni post hoc test were used for statistical comparison. Since HbA1c was not
normally distributed, nonparametric tests; k-related samples with Friedman test was used and if
significant result was found, then followed by 2-related samples with Wilcoxon sign rank test. Statistical
significance was established at P < 0.05 (two-tailed).
Results and discussion
Table 2 showed the physical characteristics and blood biochemical parameters of subjects at
baseline. The two groups were identical with all parameters including their daily energy and nutrient
intakes (carbohydrate, protein, fat and fiber). Only 72 subjects (36 in SYBR and 36 in WR group) finished
the study with 6 subjects (3 in SYBR and 3 in WR group) lost follow-up during the study because of
inconvenience.
Table2
Comparison of physical characteristics and blood biochemical parameters between white rice
(WR) and Sangyod brown rice (SYBR) at wk0.
Parameters
Unit WR (n = 39) SYBR (n =39)
Q
value
Mean SD Mean SD
Age y 58.3 10.4 57.9 9.7 NS
1
BMI kg/m
2
27.8 3.7 27.7 4.0 NS
Waist circumference cm 92.4 8.3 95.3 9.4 NS
Hip circumference
FBG
cm 101.3 7.3 102.7 7.8 NS
mg/dL 155.6 55.0 146.6 54.3 NS
HbA1c
2
% 8.0 1.5 7.9 1.6 NS
Insulin μIU/mL 4.9 2.1 5.9 2.3 NS
1
NS = no significant
2
Nonparametric test with Mann-Whitney U test was used
