full2010.pdf - page 586

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Abstract
This developmental research aimed to develop a referral manual of patients with acute coronary
syndrome for first responders. Four developing steps were conducted, i.e., 1) problem identification and needs
assessment of the first responders, 2) manual structure and content design, 3) manual pre-testing, and 4)
feasibility evaluation and manual modification. Key contents of the manual were developed according to the
conceptual framework of Emergency Medical Service system ( EMS system). Content validity of the manual
was approved by three experts. The manual pre-testing was implemented by five first responders of a
community hospital network. The data were analyzed using frequency.
The newly developed referral manual of patients with acute coronary syndrome for first responders
consist of three components: 1) introduction; 2) key contents of fast track on patient screening, chest pain
release for the patient, basic life support for the unconscious patient and continuing care for the referred
patients; and 3) appendix and references. The pre-testing results showed that all of the first responders gained
understanding in the contents of the manual. In addition, its feasibility for use as a guideline for referral
management of acute coronary syndrome patients was confirmed. Therefore, the manual should be extensively
implemented. Continuing evaluation of the manual usage for updating the key contents in the dynamic EMS
system is highly recommended.
Keywords : Referral Manual of Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromefor First Responders, Content validity,
Suitable application of the manual
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