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Abstract
This study aimed to develop a clinical nursing practice guideline for modifying dietary behaviors of
Muslim patients with hypertension. Using the IOWA model, five developing steps were conducted, i.e., 1)
identification of problem and knowledge-focused triggers (clinical nursing practice and empirical evidence), 2)
assembly of relevant research and related literature, 3) critique and synthesis of research studies for designing the
guideline, 4) content validity evaluation by three experts, and 5) pilot study using five nurse participants to
evaluate its feasibility. Data were analyzed using frequency.
The newly developed guideline was synthesized based on 18 research reports and Transtheoretical
Model or stages of change, comprising two steps, i.e., 1) assessment of behavioral changing stage, and 2) stage-
based behavioral modification. The content validity of the nursing practice guideline was approved by all experts.
Additional details for improving its interpretability were recommended. Furthermore, feasibility of the guideline
was confirmed by all nursing participants. Only one participant reported on the difficulty of implementing
activities aiming at encouraging the patients to make a list of advantages and disadvantages of dietary behavior
modification and record of their daily food consumption. This paper was later modified with an additional guideline
calling for relatives or caregivers of the patients to be part of the activities.
The results indicate the need for a training course for the users before implementing the guideline in
order to provide effective behavioral modification in the population. Moreover, testing of applicability and
effectiveness of the guideline in a large population is highly recommended.
Keywords: Clinical Nursing Practice Guideline, IOWA Model, Transtheoretical Model or Stages of Change
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