2011 International Conference on Alternative Energy in Developing Countries and Emerging Economies
- 287 -
B. Building Form Selection
The aim of the building form selection was to reduce
the area of the building envelope. The designer selected
the single building because it can reduce the building
envelope about 33.33%. And the using of the roof cover
the court can change the external envelope to internal
envelope. By using this design method, the surface area
to the usable area ratio will be 1.7.
Fig. 2. The using of the roof cover the court, it made the surface area to
the usable area ratio around 1.7.
C. Building Placement Selection
Because of the topology and site conditions, this
building cannot place by the orientation. The designer
was using other technique to protecting the heat gain
from east and west. Especially, the designer was
protecting the infiltration by selecting the appropriate
direction and using the air lock. In Thailand, the north
and east was the direction that has the lower enthalpy
which comes from the calculation of the sensible heat,
latent heat and wind speed. So the main entrance of the
building was located on the east
TABLE
I
ENTHALPY FROM EACH DIRECTION IN
T
HAILAND
N
NE
E
SE
S
SW
W
NW
0.50
0.63
0.89
1.49
1.93
1.92
1.08
0.76
D. Self-Shading Application
The designer did not select the fin to protect the sun
light for this project, because it will gain the heat into the
building by thermal bridge. The safe-shading concept was
design the upper-floor larger than the lower floor. The
upper floor will make the shading. This shape made the
glazing reflected infrared and ultraviolet more than the
horizontal.
Fig. 3. The self-shading concept.
E. Increasing the Building Envelope Performance
This building was selecting the high performance of
the building envelope, external wall, glazing, roof and
ground floor.
Fig. 4. The performance of the building envelope.
The advantage of this building was the air-flow
window. By using the double layer of the glass which had
the air space inside and the venetian blind. The infrared in
the sun light will transform to the heat in this air space.
The cool-dry air which is a return air will keep the heat
from the air space. From the calculation, the air
temperature will be increasing about 3
o
C and the glazing
surface temperature will be lower than other glazing.
Fig. 5. The applying of the air-flow window.
F. The Thermal Mass Storage in Chilled Water
The chilled water was produced in the night time at the
energy center, which the electricity charge was lower
than the day-time. The chilled water wills storage in the
chilled water tank in the main building, which had 14,000
m
3
that can storage the capacity about 18,500 refrigerant
ton. The using of the chilled water was used directly to
the fan coil in the building, and used the advantage from
the chilled water tank. The advantage from the chilled
water tank was applied to the main atrium, which a large
space about 6,000 m
2
. The floor of the atrium will be
15
o
C by the effected from chilled water. When this space
control at 28
o
C the user will fill cooler about 23.5
o
C
because of the MRT.
G. The Thermal Mass Storage in Building Structure
This building had more than 10,800 m
3
of concrete for
the building structure. The concrete has a thermal
capacity about 0.18 Btu/lb
.
F. In the conventional
designed, if the building operation will turn of the air
condition on 18:00-8:00 every day, the heat will be
U Roof = 0.03 Btu/h.ft
2
F
U Wall = 0.06 Btu/h.f
t2
F
U Glazing =
0.15
Btu/h.ft
2
F
SC Glazing =
0.17
