5
= JI
>?
@<F = <=< G= R; = D
25 = >
@ G
;h
R;9 EI
@9ก < K>i
@<9I
E@<ก H I
:9
(K H
,
2547) N
ก K >
G <ก G @< ; K KFG H I
:9R= =
@D ก G< i
ก $ PQ ก $
ก $
ก N
9 @ N
< N
H N
;h
A @ x ?
N
กK 8.78 ;l
(SD = 1.65) FG ก N
= K= N
H N
;h
K9
GK ?
2 EBi
R; I
@ 60 N
ก N
G @< ;h
K9 GK ?
2 EBi
R; I
@ 52 ก N
9 @ N
< N
H N
ก <AB
กC i
; : AB
กC ;l
?
1-4 I
@ 72
?
;h
F = @K >
G
กก N
1-5 ;l
I
@ 52 FG ก N
= K= ?
<
ก 9I
?
H I
K >
G ก ?
G =>
@ กN
@ J
I
I
@ 44 N
ก N
G @< ?
<ก 9I
?
H I
K >
G ก ?
G =>
@
กN
@ J
I
I
@ 40 N
ก H I
N
กC F = @K >
GH N
< 1 G>
@ ?
DN
ก N
= K= R N
H I
N
>?
@K
@ ก @K >
G I
@ 96
ก H I
N
>?
@;
@<ก @ ก @K >
GFG H I
N
กก N
>
@ N
กK 1 = i
</
I
@ 92 N
ก N
G @<R N
H I
N
>?
@K @ ก @K >
G I
@ 84
ก H I
N
>?
@;
@<ก @ ก
@K >
GFG H I
กก N
>
@ N
กK 1 = i
</ I
@ 84
กN
@ ก G @<
>?
@ = = 9ก9N
<E@<= = JI
>?
@<F = @K >
G S9ก ก GJ
9 @<
H ก N
= K= ก N
G @<
K N
ก N
G @< =N
= x ?
= JI
>?
@<F = @K >
G N
กK 11.36 |B?
< GK
= JI
; ก < N
H ก N
= K= =N
= x ?
= JI
>?
@<F = @K >
G N
กK 12.60 |B?
< GK= JI
; ก <
>?
@ ; K Kก GI
< :9 K N
=N
= x ?
= JI
>?
@<F = @K >
GกN
@ ก G @<E@<ก N
G @< ก N
= K= R N
9ก9N
<ก (t = 1.49, df = 48,
p
= .14)
FG =N
;
KK N
< ?
GK= >?
@ ?
95%
E@<=N
= E@<ก G @K ;h
-.43 :B
< 2.9 N
= GI
S9ก ก GJ
9 @< K N
GO
ก
ก N
G @< =N
= x ?
S9ก ก GJ
9 @< N
กK 8.12 |B?
< S9ก ก GJ
9 @<@ JN
H GK9?
N
H ก N
= K= =N
= x ?
S9ก ก GJ
9 @< N
กK 10.32 |B?
< S9ก ก GJ
9 @<@ JN
H GK9?
>?
@
; K Kก GI
< :9 K N
=N
= x ?
S9ก ก GJ
9 @<กN
@ ก G @<E@<ก N
G @<
ก N
= K= 9ก9N
<ก @ N
<
= < :9 (t = 3.40, df = 47,
p
= .001)
FG =N
;
KK N
< ?
GK=
>?
@ ?
95% E@<=N
= E@<ก G @K ;h
.89 :B
< 3.49 G<9 < ?
1
G)
1
=N
x ?
N
K?
< K 9 GKE@<= = JI
>?
@<F = @K >
G S9ก ก GJ
9 @<H DJI
;m
GO
ก
ก N
= K= ก N
G @< GกN
@ ก G @<
=
ก N
= K= ก N
G @<
t
Χ
SD GK
n
Χ
SD
GK
n
p
-value
= JI
>?
@<F = @K >
G 12.60 2.92 ; ก < 25 11.36 2.96 ; ก < 25 1.49
NS
.14
S9ก ก GJ
9 @< 10.32 2.48 9?
25 8.12 2.01 9?
24 3.40** .001
NS = non significance, df = 47, **
p
< .01, df = 47
